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China Hubei CAILONEN Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd
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Hubei CAILONEN Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd
Hubei Cailonen Intelligent Technology Co., LTD. (formerly Wuhan Electric furnaceFactory) is the designated professional, design and research of the Ministry of Machinery Industry Development, production and sales of industrial electric furnaces large-scale state-owned restructuring enterprises Industry, is the China Heat Treatment Association, Hubei Casting Association, WuHan forging industry association governing unit. Since the restructuring of the company, it has rapidly grown into a Chinese high-end heat treatment manufacturing enterprise with strong research and development strength, complete design software, advanced processing technology and complete production equipment, with an annual output of 500 sets of large-scale standard heat treatment equipment and 30 sets of non-standard production lines. Many years of experience in the industry, in cooperation with a number of well-known universities in China, the existing professional team R & D is committed to providing customers with professional solutions. The main products are: Intelligent tempering production line, new energy lithium battery anode material granulation pre-carbonization production line, new energy vehicle lightweight thermoforming production line, new energy ling production line, all-fiber electric heating trolley furnace, all-fiber gas heat treatment (forging) trolley furnace, large variable capacity trolley furnace, protective atmosphere box tempering production line, hanging cylinder liner tempering production line, microcomputer controlled carburizing/nitriding furnace Vacuum furnace, well furnace, mesh furnace, roller sintering furnace, aluminum alloy quenching (solution, aging) furnace, all hydrogen hood bright annealing furnace, ADI salt isothermal quenching production line, rotary kiln baking furnace, medium frequency furnace, high frequency furnace, induction melting furnace, induction hardening production line, and other standard and non-standard heat treatment equipment. According to the requirements of users, we can provide a full set of technology and services such as product heat treatment process plan formulation, heat treatment workshop design, heat treatment equipment selection and design and manufacturing, installation and commissioning, production operation, after-sales maintenance, etc., to ensure the safety and reliability of customers before and after using products. Products involved in aerospace, shipbuilding, iron and steel, metallurgy, chemical industry, ceramics, automobile, casting, forging, sanitary ware, mining....... And other fields. Solutions can be developed according to different application scenarios and requirements.
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Physicochemical Properties and Process Performance of Materials 2025-09-10 Physicochemical Properties and Process Performance of Materials The physicochemical properties of a material refer to its inherent attributes exhibited under physical and chemical actions, which determine its essential characteristics. The process performance (or technological performance) refers to a material’s ability to adapt to various processing and manufacturing methods, directly influencing the manufacturability and cost of products. 1. Physicochemical Properties of Materials Physicochemical properties are inherent to the material itself and independent of processing. They are mainly categorized into physical properties and chemical properties. 1.1 Physical Properties These reflect the material’s response to physical actions (e.g., force, heat, light, electricity, magnetism) and serve as a core basis for material selection.   Thermal Properties: Characteristics related to temperature changes Melting point/Solidification point: The temperature at which a material transitions from solid to liquid (or vice versa). For example, the melting point of steel is approximately 1538°C, which defines the temperature range for its hot working. Thermal conductivity: The material’s ability to transfer heat. Copper has high thermal conductivity (~401 W/(m·K)) and is suitable for heat-dissipating components; thermal insulation cotton has low thermal conductivity and is used for heat insulation. Coefficient of thermal expansion: The rate of dimensional change of a material with temperature. For instance, the thermal expansion coefficients of glass and metal must match to avoid cracking during packaging. Electrical Properties: The material’s response to electric current Resistivity: Measures the material’s conductivity (low resistivity for conductors like copper; high resistivity for insulators like rubber; intermediate resistivity for semiconductors like silicon). Dielectric constant: Characterizes the material’s ability to store electrical energy, used for selecting capacitors and insulating materials (e.g., ceramics have a high dielectric constant and are suitable for high-frequency capacitors). Optical Properties: The interaction between the material and light Light transmittance: The proportion of light transmitted through the material (e.g., glass has a transmittance >80% for windows; plastic films have adjustable transmittance for agricultural greenhouses). Reflectivity/Absorptivity: Mirrors have high reflectivity, while coatings on solar panels have high absorptivity to improve photoelectric conversion efficiency. Magnetic Properties: The material’s response to magnetic fields Magnetic types: Classified as ferromagnetic (e.g., iron, nickel, attractable by magnets), paramagnetic (e.g., aluminum, weakly attractable), and diamagnetic (e.g., copper, weakly repellent), used in motors and magnetic storage devices. 1.2 Chemical Properties These reflect the material’s stability in chemical environments, i.e., its ability to resist corrosion, oxidation, and chemical reactions.   Corrosion resistance: The material’s ability to resist erosion by chemical media such as acids, alkalis, and salt solutions (e.g., stainless steel resists atmospheric corrosion; titanium alloys resist seawater corrosion and are used in ship components). Oxidation resistance: The material’s ability to resist reaction with oxygen at high or room temperatures (e.g., superalloys resist oxidation in engines to prevent surface spalling). Chemical stability: The material’s characteristic of not reacting with contacting substances (e.g., polytetrafluoroethylene, known as "resistant to all chemicals," is used as a lining for chemical pipelines). 2. Process Performance of Materials Process performance refers to a material’s ability to adapt to manufacturing processes. It directly determines "whether processing is possible," "processing difficulty," and "yield rate," and is a key consideration for material selection in industrial production.   Type of Process Performance Definition (Core Description) Key Influences & Application Scenarios Casting Performance The material’s ability to be melted, poured, and cooled into castings. Core indicators: Fluidity (molten material easily fills molds; e.g., gray cast iron has good fluidity and is suitable for complex castings) and shrinkage rate (dimensional shrinkage after cooling, which must be controlled to avoid shrinkage cavities). Used in manufacturing engine blocks, pipe fittings, etc. Deformation Processing Performance The material’s ability to undergo plastic deformation via external forces such as forging, rolling, stamping, and extrusion. Good performance is characterized by "easy deformation without cracking" (e.g., low-carbon steel has good stamping performance for automotive body parts; aluminum alloys have good extrusion performance for door/window profiles). Welding Performance The material’s ability to be joined with similar/dissimilar materials into an integrated structure (via heating or pressure) while ensuring joint strength. Low-carbon steel has excellent welding performance (weld strength is close to the base metal) and is commonly used in welded steel structures; high-carbon steel is prone to cracking during welding and requires preheating/slow cooling, increasing process costs. Machinability The ease of cutting a material with tools (characterized by easy chip breaking, low tool wear, and low surface roughness). Materials like copper and aluminum alloys have good machinability and easily achieve smooth surfaces; stainless steel and titanium alloys are difficult to machine (prone to tool adhesion and rapid tool wear) and require specialized tools and processes. Heat Treatment Performance The material’s ability to change its internal structure (via heating, heat preservation, and cooling) to adjust mechanical properties (e.g., strength, hardness). Core indicators: Hardenability (depth of uniform hardness penetration during quenching; e.g., 45 steel has moderate hardenability for small-to-medium sized parts; alloy steels have good hardenability for large-diameter shafts) and tempering stability (ability to maintain hardness after high-temperature tempering). Molding Performance (for Polymers) The ability of polymeric materials (plastics, rubber) to be shaped via processes such as injection molding, extrusion, and vulcanization. For example, polyethylene has good fluidity and is suitable for injection molding into daily necessities; the vulcanization performance of rubber determines its elasticity (sufficient vulcanization ensures good elasticity, used in tires and seals). 3. Core Relationship: Physicochemical Properties vs. Process Performance The two interact and jointly determine the material’s application scenarios:   Physicochemical properties define the upper limit of process performance: For example, high-melting-point materials (e.g., tungsten, melting point 3422°C) are difficult to cast (requiring extremely high temperatures) and can only be processed via powder metallurgy; brittle materials (e.g., ceramics) have poor deformation processing performance and can only be formed via sintering. Process performance affects the realization of physicochemical properties: For example, heat treatment can change a material’s internal structure, thereby adjusting its mechanical properties (e.g., 45 steel exhibits increased hardness and strength, with slightly reduced plasticity, after quenching and tempering); the cooling rate during casting affects the grain size of castings, which in turn changes their tensile strength and corrosion resistance.
Tensile Test and Mechanical Properties of Materials 2025-09-10 Tensile Test and Mechanical Properties of Materials The tensile test is the most fundamental method for determining the mechanical properties of materials. By applying an axial tensile force to a standard specimen and recording the force-displacement curve, it further analyzes key mechanical indicators of the material such as strength, plasticity, and elasticity. 1. Core Purpose of the Tensile Test By simulating the deformation and failure process of materials under axial force, it quantitatively obtains the material's ability to resist external forces (strength) and deformation capacity (plasticity), providing a basis for material selection, structural design, and quality inspection. 2. Key Mechanical Property Indicators Derived from the Test Based on the tensile curve (stress-strain curve), the following core indicators can be extracted. Their physical meanings and application scenarios are shown in the table below:   Property Indicator Definition (Core Description) Physical Meaning / Application Scenario Elastic Modulus (E) The ratio of stress to strain in the elastic stage ("stiffness" indicator) Reflects the material's ability to resist elastic deformation; e.g., mechanical parts require high E to ensure dimensional stability Yield Strength (σₛ) The minimum stress at which the material begins to undergo plastic deformation ("plastic deformation resistance") A key basis for structural design to prevent parts from failing due to plastic deformation Tensile Strength (σᵦ) The maximum tensile stress that the material can withstand ("ultimate strength") Evaluates the upper limit of the material's resistance to fracture and is used to determine the load-bearing limit of the material Percentage Elongation After Fracture (δ) The percentage of the elongation to the original length after the specimen fractures ("plasticity indicator") Reflects the plasticity of the material; a larger δ means the material is easier to process (e.g., stamping, bending) Percentage Reduction of Area (ψ) The percentage of the reduction in cross-sectional area to the original area after the specimen fractures A more sensitive plasticity indicator than δ, especially suitable for brittle materials 3. Differences in Tensile Behavior of Typical Materials The stress-strain curves of different types of materials vary significantly, directly reflecting their mechanical property characteristics:   Plastic Materials (e.g., low-carbon steel): The curve has four stages—elastic stage (recovery after unloading), yield stage (stress remains unchanged while strain increases), strain hardening stage (stress and strain increase simultaneously), and necking-fracture stage. The percentage elongation after fracture is high (δ > 5%). Brittle Materials (e.g., ceramics, cast iron): There is no obvious yield stage; they fracture directly after the elastic stage. The percentage elongation after fracture is extremely low (δ < 5%), and the tensile strength is much lower than the compressive strength. Highly Elastic Materials (e.g., rubber): The elastic deformation is extremely large (up to 1000%), the elastic modulus is low, there is no plastic deformation, and it fully recovers after unloading. 4. Core Influencing Factors of the Test The accuracy of the test results depends on the control of the following factors:   Specimen Specifications: Must comply with national standards (e.g., GB/T 228.1) to ensure uniform dimensions (length, diameter) and avoid errors caused by specimen differences. Loading Rate: Excessively fast loading will make the material exhibit "increased brittleness" (e.g., low-carbon steel may have no obvious yield). Loading must be carried out at the standard rate (e.g., 1~5 mm/min). Environmental Conditions: High temperatures reduce material strength and increase plasticity; low temperatures make materials brittle (e.g., "cold brittleness" of steel at low temperatures). The test temperature must be clearly specified.
Sealed Box-Type Multipurpose Furnace 2025-09-01 Sealed Box-Type Multipurpose Furnace A sealed box-type multipurpose furnace is a versatile heat treatment equipment, widely used in the heat treatment processing of metal materials. The following is a detailed introduction to it: Equipment Composition A sealed box-type multipurpose furnace production line usually consists of a heating furnace, a cleaning machine, a tempering furnace, a material conveying cart, a material warehouse, a lifting platform, and a control system. Different numbers of unit equipment can be selected according to the requirements of different products and output to form a multi-functional flexible production line. Heating Methods The main heating methods include electric heating (hot air circulation), gas heating, graphite heating, etc. Temperature Range The temperature inside the furnace is generally 800-1000℃, and the temperature in the quenching tank is 150-600℃. Structural Features Furnace Chamber Design: The furnace chamber is built with a circular furnace chamber or high-quality imported anti-carburizing bricks, and an all-fiber structure can also be selected. It has good furnace temperature uniformity and excellent atmosphere fluidity. Heating Elements: The radiant tubes adopt low-voltage power supply, which features good safety, long service life, and easy replacement. Cooling System: It is equipped with a large-capacity oil tank, a specially designed diversion system, and a variable-frequency speed-regulating stirring device. The oil temperature can be automatically controlled. Additionally, cooling methods such as water cooling, protective gas cooling, and salt bath isothermal cooling can be selected. Sealing and Atmosphere Control: It adopts a high-efficiency sealing structure, such as a cylinder-pressed sealing door, to prevent atmosphere leakage. The high-precision atmosphere control system can accurately establish the carbon potential inside the furnace. The available atmosphere types include methanol + enriching gas, methanol + N₂ + enriching gas, or Rx atmosphere + enriching gas, etc. Control System: It is controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC), featuring simple operation, convenient maintenance, and high automation. It is equipped with a high-precision temperature controller, a thyristor power regulator, etc., with a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃. It also has a complete fault self-diagnosis and safety interlock control system. Main Functions It can be used for various heat treatment processes such as carburizing, carbonitriding, hardening, surface hardening, quenching, normalizing, annealing, and bright processing. Application Fields It is widely used in industries and sectors such as electric power, coal, papermaking, petrochemicals, cement, agriculture and animal husbandry, medical research, and teaching. Especially in the fields of machinery manufacturing and auto parts processing, it is widely applied for heat treatment of various types of complex parts.
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